- 梁峙;韩宝平;
To investigate the growth conditions of white-rot fungus and simulate its metabolism kinetic models, the rules how the factors such as biomass, culture fluid, pH value, glucose consumption and exopolysaccharides generation, etc., changed during the batch culture process of white-rot fungi by using an air-lift fermenter, as well as metabolic kinetics of white-rot fungi were studied. Based on Logistic equation, Luedeking-Piret equation and experimental data, the correlation model parameters of mycelia biomass, glucose consumption and exopolysaccharide generation were obtained and found to be change with time in metabolism process. Detailedly, μm=0.071 8 h-1,α= 0.831 8 g/(g·h), β= 0.002 g/(g·h), b1=0.016 3 g/(g·h) and b2=3.023 3 g/(g·h). Hence the mycelial growth kinetic model, exopolysaccharide generation kinetic model and substrate consumption kinetic model which describe fermentation process of white-rot fungi were established. Meanwhile, the experimental data were verified by this model, and a good fitting result with an average relative error less than 10% between the data obtained from experiments and the model was yielded. The results show that these models can predict the growth and metabolic rules of white-rot fungus, the fermentation process of exopolysaccharides and the kinetic mechanism of white-rot fungus accurately.
2008年06期 v.9 1-9页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 710K] [下载次数：1177 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：22 ] |[阅读次数：85 ] - 冮洁;单立峰;吴耘红;张鹭;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen Saccharomyces for glutathione over-production. [Method] Ethionine-resistant mutants were obtained through UV mutagenesis and rational screening. [Result] A high GSH-producing strain HSJB1 was isolated from soil, and the biomass for this strain by flask shaking fermentation was 3.87 g/L while the GSH yield was 91.87 mg/L. According to the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of cells, this strain was primarily identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An ethionine-resistant mutant YBS77 was obtained through UV mutagenesis of the original strain HSJB1, and the biomass for this strain by flask shaking fermentation was 7.60 g dry cell weight/L while the GSH yield was 211.96 mg/L. [Conclusion] The biomass of the mutant obtained by breeding is increased by 96.38% than that of the original strain, and the GSH yield of the mutant obtained by breeding is increased by 130.72% than that from the original strain, which indicates that the breeding method is feasible.
2008年06期 v.9 35-38+112页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 358K] [下载次数：113 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：9 ] |[阅读次数：53 ]
- 杨涓;康建宏;谢亚军;张俊华;
[Objective] The study was to investigate the relationship between taurine and physiological activities of Lyium bararum seedlings. [Method] Through applying different concentrations of taurine(0, 10, 100, 500, 1 000, 5 000 mg/L), the photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), and the activities of membrane protective enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the treated L. bararum seedlings were measured. [Result] Treatment of proper taurine concentration could to some extent enhance Pn and increase the POD and SOD activities, and meanwhile decreased the Gs and MDA content. And the optimum application amount of taurine was determined to be 500 mg/L. [Conclusion] Proper concentration of taurine has protective effects on the cell membrane of L. bararum seedlings.
2008年06期 v.9 14-17页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 295K] [下载次数：40 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：4 ] |[阅读次数：51 ] - 杨晓红;陈晓阳;隗晓丹;王颖;周伟;李守菊;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the effects of exogenous gene introduction on osmotic adjustment of plants.[Method] After pot culture with same time,the transgenic plants expressing betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene(BADH)and non-transgenic plants of Lespedeza formosa were treated with different concentrations(0,0.5%,1.0%,2.0%)of NaCl solution for 30 h and some physiological indices including proline,betaine,soluble sugar,malondialdehyde(MDA)contents and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were assayed.[Result] There was no significant difference on the indices mentioned above between transgenic plants and non-transgenic plants under the salt-free treatment.With the increase of NaCl concentration,the transgenic plants accumulated much higher level of proline,betaine,soluble sugar and lower level of MDA than non-transgenic plants.But the differences of SOD activity increase degrees between transgenic and non-transgenic plants were not significant.Performances of the three transgenic lines were different to some extent.[Conclusion] The introduction of exogenous BADH gene enhanced the osmotic adjustment ability of L.formosa,furthermore;different transgenic lines performed differently.
2008年06期 v.9 146-150页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 658K] [下载次数：77 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：7 ] |[阅读次数：47 ]
- 孙刚;房岩;董刚;吕明;
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of breeding Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in paddy field in vertical distribution of sediment particles. [Method] Using chemically stable glass beads as tracers, the effects of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus bioturbation on the vertical distribution of sediment particles in paddy field were investigated, and the bioturbation role of benthic fish in the coupling process of benthic-pelagic interface was discussed. [Result] After ten days of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus bioturbation, 43.2% of the glass beads on the surface were transferred downwardly with the maximum distance of 7.5 cm, and the vertical transportation rate of sediment particles was 7.676×10-4g-1·cm-2·d-1. At a depth of 6 cm, 39.7% and 9.9% of the glass beads were respectively transferred upwards and downwards, to the maximum distanc of 4.5 cm and 5.1 cm, respectively; and the vertical transportation rates of sediment particles were 7.597×10-4g-1·cm-2·d-1 and 1.894×10-4g-1·cm-2·d-1, respectively. [Conclusion] Misgurnus anguillicaudatus bioturbation could promote the circulation and transformation of nutrients at water/soil interface through affecting the vertical distribution of sediment particles.
2008年06期 v.9 18-20+54页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 256K] [下载次数：46 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：3 ] |[阅读次数：40 ] - 李蘅;李金泉;曹贵方;张文广;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to preliminarily explore the effects of estradiol on morphology and growth of cashmere goat primary hair follicles. [Method] Cashmere goat primary hair follicles were cultured in serum-free Williams E media supplemented with different doses of 17 β-E2 (0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0 nmol/L), and their growth rates and morphological changes were observed. [Result] The growth rate of 0.1 nmol/L 17 β-E2 group was quite comparable with that of the control group(0 nmol/L), but the 17 β-E2 with concentrations of 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 nmol/L displayed different degrees of inhibition on the growth of hair follicles. Different morphological changes of hair follicles could also be discovered in different concentration treatments. [Conclusion] The study laid a certain foundation for exploring the regulation mechanism of estrogen on growth of cashmere goat hair follicles.
2008年06期 v.9 90-92页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 234K] [下载次数：66 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：1 ] |[阅读次数：53 ] - 孔琳;鞠玉琳;
[Objective] The study was to screen the Chinese medicines with good resistance to Neospora caninum. [Method] Healthy Kunming mice pretreated with methylprednisolone for the purpose of immunity decrease were randomly divided into 15 groups, and each mouse was intraperitoneally inoculated with 1.0 ×104 N. caninum. Four hours later, the mice were gavaged with various Chinese medicines. Seven days post-administration, eyeball blood sampling was conducted and the serum was used for antibody level detection with ELISA method. [Result] Four among the 15 Chinese medicines showed lower antibody positive rates. [Conclusion] Scutellaria baicalensis, Stemona sessilifolia, Gastrodia elata and Coptis chinensis could enhance the immunity level of mice infected by N. caninum.
2008年06期 v.9 102-103页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 103K] [下载次数：58 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：5 ] |[阅读次数：46 ] - 周蕾;李金泉;张文广;梅步俊;张燕军;张永斌;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the genetic law of litter size of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat.[Method] A total of 22 721 litter records from 3 044 mothers were statistically analyzed.[Result] As shown by the least square variance analysis,the sex,parity and birth type had significant effect on lamb birth weight.As indicated by restricted maximum likelihood method,the parity,population and maternal effect influenced litter size significantly.The birth weight heritability of single lamb,twins and total was 0.16,0.40 and 0.17,respectively.[Conclusion] The study provided a certain basis for the establishment of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat line with superior reproductive performance.
2008年06期 v.9 118-120页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 166K] [下载次数：80 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：2 ] |[阅读次数：62 ] - 洪伟鸣;邢晓玲;郁杰;葛竹兴;王妲妲;
[Objective] The study aimed to explore the effects of Zizhuliqing Oral Liquid on animal cellular immune function.[Method] MTT method and phagocytizing natural red method were used to determine the effects of Zizhuliqing Oral Liquid on piglet lymphocyte transformation and the phagocytosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages respectively.[Result] The lymphocyte transformation rates of piglets in medicated groups were significantly higher than that in control group;the difference of mouse peritoneal macrophage activities between the medicated groups and the control group was obvious.[Conclusion] Zizhuliqing Oral Liquid could promote the transformation of piglet T lymphocytes induced by ConA and the phagocytosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages to natural red,indicating its good immune enhancement function.
2008年06期 v.9 121-123+150页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 248K] [下载次数：27 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：6 ] |[阅读次数：62 ] - 王娟;于媛;王跃嗣;马云;焦飞;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to establish the in vitro culture system of chicken fibroblasts.[Method] Tissue explant method and enzymatic digestion method were used to separate and culture chicken skin fibroblasts respectively.The rate of cell growth,cryopreservation and recovery were compared.[Result] The primary chicken fibroblasts prepared by enzymatic digestion grew faster and converged together to form monolayer on 5 d post preparation;the passage cells prepared by these 2 methods grew at similar speed and formed monolayer within 2-3 d;homogeneous fibroblasts could be obtained by trypsin digestion and repeated attachment for 3-4 passages;there were 75%-80% of cells survived after cryopreservation and recovery;the growth curves of embryonic fibroblasts and skin fibroblasts were all normal and the two kind of cells still retained the normal number of chromosomes even at the twelfth passage.[Conclusion] The feeder layer cells needed for establishing ES cell lines could be obtained by culturing chicken fibroblasts through both tissue explant method and enzymatic digestion method.This study provided a basis for the successful establishment of ES cell lines.
2008年06期 v.9 136-141页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 668K] [下载次数：61 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：7 ] |[阅读次数：48 ]
- 金鑫;苏蕊;张文广;李金泉;
[Objective] The aim of the research was to identify and assess the genetic characteristics of grading breeding sheep populations in Ba Yan Nur City. [Method] Genetic polymorphism and aggregation of seven sheep populations, including three breeding sheep populations (breeding F1, F2 and Bamei mutton sheep), three introduced mutton sheep breeds (Texel, Dorset and German Merino sheep) and one local female parent population (Mongolia sheep), were assessed using 10 microsatellite markers. [Result] By cluster analysis, the seven sheep populations can be divided into two groups. The F1 and German Merino sheep were closely related, which were clustered with F2, Bamei mutton sheep and Mongolia sheep to form one group while Texel and Dorset to form another group. The genetic aggregation of the seven breeds was assessed by Bayesian discrimination. And the results show that the genetic aggregation of F1 and F2 were lower while that of Bamei mutton sheep, Texel, Dorset and German Merino sheep were higher. [Conclusion] Better genetic stability has been formed in Bamei mutton sheep.
2008年06期 v.9 21-24页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 242K] [下载次数：76 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：6 ] |[阅读次数：89 ] - 萨仁高娃;菊林花;
[Objective] To investigate the polymorphism of the thirteenth exon of MxA gene in 4 species of horse. [Method] The thirteenth exon of MxA gene fragments were amplified from genomic DNA of Sanhe horse, Xinihe horse, Wushen horse and Baerhu horse with the primers designed according to the MxA sequence announced in GenBank; the polymorphism of MxA gene was detected by PCR-SSCP and the products were sequenced. [Result] The polymorphism of the thirteenth exon of MxA gene appeared only in Wushen horse, the 2 081 nt of which mutated from guanine (G) to adenine (A) and the corresponding amino acid of which changed from glutamate (Glu) to alanine (Ala). [Conclusion] The study provided a basis for exploring the antiviral effect of MxA protein.
2008年06期 v.9 25-26+77页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 211K] [下载次数：18 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：2 ] |[阅读次数：33 ] - 王更先;姜振;孔令斐;徐丽;司马杨虎;徐世清;
[Objective] Using molecular biotechnology to clone the proteasome β5 gene from cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), this research aimed to provide basis for further research on the function of proteasome β5 gene in cotton bollworm. [Method] Total RNA was extracted from midgut of cotton bollworm. The full length cDNA of Habeta5 gene was cloned by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology, then sequence analysis was carried out. [Result] The full length cDNA sequence was successfully cloned and isolated, named as Habeta5. It was 947 bp in length, contained an ORF (843 bp) and encoded 280 amino acid residues, with the predicted mass of 30.87 kD and isoelectric point(pI) of 9.60. In the deduced amino acid sequence, a proteasome β5 subunit domain lies between 74th to 261st amino acid residues. It has more than 62% identity to other insects such as Drosophila melanogaster. The proteasome β5 subunit conservative regions were very similar with each other. Molecular evolution by Neighbor Joining method indicated that Habeta5 was homologous with other proteasome β5 subunit of species. [Conclusion] Sequence alignment shows that the cloned fragment is a proteasome β5 subunit gene (GenBank accession number: FJ358434).
2008年06期 v.9 27-30+145页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 1164K] [下载次数：34 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：6 ] |[阅读次数：65 ] - 李玉梅;姜云天;孙智慧;
[Objective] The experimental was aimed to screen the optimum regeneration shoot induction media and rooting media for tender leaves of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.[Method] The tender leaves of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall were taken as explants to select the optimum bud induction media and rooting media through uniform design and the screening results were verified.[Result] The optimum media for regeneration shoot of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall contained 1/4 MS,3.70 mg/L ZT, 0.02 mg/L IAA and 1.00 mg/L KT and its induction rate was 95.5% and the rooting media contained modified MS, 0.10 mg/L IAA and 0.07 mg/L NAA and its rooting rate was 98%. [Conclusion] Through this experiment, regeneration systems for regeneration shoot and regenerated plant from tender leaves of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall were created successfully.
2008年06期 v.9 31-34页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 335K] [下载次数：89 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：9 ] |[阅读次数：52 ] - 孟祥伟;额尔登其木格;红海;李蓓;芒来;
[Objective] To explore the polymorphism of the 3′ flank region of equine IGF-Ⅰ gene. [Method] The 3′ flank region sequences of IGF-Ⅰ gene were amplified from genomic DNA of 270 horses, which included 4 types of Mongolian horse, Sanhe horse and Thoroughbred, and then analyzed by PCR-SSCP. [Result] Three genotypes (AA, BB and AB) were detected by PCR-SSCP and the distribution of genotypes of all research objects except Xinihe horse and Baerhu horse were in line with the "Hardy-Weinberg Law". [Conclusion] There was a polymorphic locus in the 3′ flank region of IGF-Ⅰ gene, which might affect the equine growth and development mechanism. The study is of important theoretical and practical significance to improve the performance and to develop equine industry.
2008年06期 v.9 39-42页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 372K] [下载次数：78 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：48 ] - 尹荣兰;杨正涛;张艳晶;刘辉;刘珊;杨琦;曹永国;张乃生;
[Objective] The study aimed to clone the FnBP ligand binding gene of Staphylococcus aureus and run prokaryotic expression by constructing a prokaryotic expression vector. [Method] The gene encoding FnBP ligand binding gene was amplified from S.aureus chromosomal DNA by PCR technique. After T-A cloning, plasmid pMD18- FnBP was constructed. pMD18- FnBP and pET28a(+)were digested by BamH Ⅰ and EcoR Ⅰ double enzymes, then the purified FnBP ligand binding gene was subcloned into the expression vector pET28a(+), and the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-FnBP was thus constructed. The constructed plasmid pET28a-FnBP was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) competent cells. The bacterium was induced by IPTG and the expressed products were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. [Result] The gene fragment with the length of 370 bp was amplified by PCR approach. One approximately 30 kD exogenous protein was observed in SDS-PAGE analysis. Western blot analysis indicates the protein has antigenicity of S.aureus. [Conclusion] The FnBP ligand binding gene of S.aureus was successfully cloned and expressed in prokaryotic cells.
2008年06期 v.9 43-46页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 354K] [下载次数：70 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：2 ] |[阅读次数：127 ] - 马长乐;李靖;陈玉惠;刘小烛;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to express in Trichoderma atroviride cells. The cDNA fragment of chitinase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. [Result] The activity of chitinase induced reached 40.17 μg/10 min; and the specific fragment amplified was 834 bp in length and proved to be the fragment of chitinase gene by sequencing and sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The result showed the feasibility of isolating the full length of chitinase gene and its transformation, and further producing chitinase.
2008年06期 v.9 47-50+67页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 705K] [下载次数：70 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：7 ] |[阅读次数：60 ] - 张哲;明宇;于聪;张玉静;
[Objective] The study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of shRNA of chTR on telomerase activity in MDCC-MSB1 cells. [Method] The artificially designed and synthesized short hairpin RNA(shRNA) of chicken telomerase RNA(chTR) was used to construct the expression vector that was subsequently transfected to MDCC-MSB1 cells, then the telomerase activity of these cells measured by improved TRAP method. [Result] Compared to the CK group, the telomerase activities in the treatment cells showed no obvious decrease in 24 h after transfection, while decreased remarkably 48 h later, among which in the cells transfected by interference vector pSi-chTR-sh1 presented the most obvious inhibitory effects. [Conclusion] This vector could effectively inhibit the telomerase activities in MDCC-MSB1 cells.
2008年06期 v.9 51-54页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 454K] [下载次数：53 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：1 ] |[阅读次数：31 ] - 刘宇飞;白俊杰;全迎春;叶星;黄志斌;
[Objective] The study aimed to further understand the genetic quality of Xiphophorus helleri RR-B strain and estimate the feasibility of microsatellite markers in genetic monitoring of aquatic laboratory animals.[Method] Eighteen microsatellite loci which had polymorphism in wild X. helleri were used for genetic quality analysis of RR-B strain (red eyes and red body) by PCR. [Result] All these 18 microsatellite loci displayed single allelic gene band in 30 individuals of X. helleri RR-B strain and the average homozygote rate reached 100%. [Conclusion] These loci could be used as markers in genetic monitoring of X. helleri RR-B strain, which had obtained fairly high genetic homozygosity by inbreeding for more than 20 generations. This study provided basic data for establishing the molecular genetic monitoring standard of aquatic laboratory animals.
2008年06期 v.9 55-58+101页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 483K] [下载次数：47 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：2 ] |[阅读次数：29 ] - 苏友禄;冯娟;孙秀秀;郭志勋;闫云锋;黄剑南;
[Objective] To optimize the prokaryotic expression of MCP gene of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus. [Method] The MCP gene was amplified from red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis viral genome by RT-PCR. The recombinant expression vector pRSET A-MCP was constructed and transformed into BL21(DE3)plysS to express proteins with induction in different media, at different pH, or at different temperatures. [Result] The expression level of recombinant bacteria reached a peak with induction under the following condition: SOB or LB medium, pH 7.0, 37 ℃ while the fusion protein was about 44.5 kD in molecular weight. [Conclusion] This study provided a basis for the development of RGNNV-MCP vaccine.
2008年06期 v.9 59-63页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 595K] [下载次数：102 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：1 ] |[阅读次数：26 ] - 张兰民;黄晓群;王瑞英;刘传雪;关世武;
In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction rate and green plantlet differentiation. The result demonstrated that if Fe2+ increased from 32 to 40 mg/kg, the induction rate of early Japonica rice anther culture in N6 culture media was more then 1.4 times higher than that in N6 culture media containing 5.6 mg/kg Fe2+. In this concentration range, the induction rate increased with the increase of Fe2+ content, while if the concentration was over this concentration range, the induction rate decreased with the increase of Fe2+, showing single peak distribution. When the Fe2+ was 40 mg/kg in differentiation medium, the differentiation rate decreased dramatically. The green plantlet differentiations of callus which were induced on culture media containing 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ were different, when they were cultured on MS culture media, and 85.7% materials could increase green plantlet productivity to about 7.8%. Therefore, increasing Fe2+in induction media properly could increase anther culture efficiency of early Japonica rice in cold region.
2008年06期 v.9 64-67页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 299K] [下载次数：28 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：1 ] |[阅读次数：61 ] - 孔卫青;杨金宏;
[Objective] The aim of this research was to study the expression of silkworm attacin gene induced by some different microorganisms.[Method] Three kinds of microorganism,BmNPV,JM109 and Agrobacterium LBA4404,were ingested to silkworm and the expression profile of attacin gene in hemocyte and fat body was detected by semi-quantitative PCR.And subsequently,the PCR products were cloned and sequenced for further analysis.[Result] A specific band,about 800 bp,appeared in fat body of all induced silkworms.As indicated by the results of cloning and sequencing(GenBank accession number:FJ373019),the band was produced because the 2 introns existing in normal expression form were not spliced.Furthermore,when the extended expression sequence was translated into amino acids,the translation stopped earlier by the stop codon TGA at the 5' end of the first intron of the original sequence,leading the loss of attacin C terminus.[Conclusion] There were two splicesomes of attacin gene,which had reference value to study the role of the attacin gene in silkworm immunity.
2008年06期 v.9 142-145页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 832K] [下载次数：35 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：4 ] |[阅读次数：59 ]
- 周娟;李进前;张彪;张传胜;张岳芳;王余龙;董桂春;
[Objective] The study aimed to confirm difference of nitrogen uptake and used efficiency with different nitrogen use efficiency for grain output (NUEg) types of indica rice.[Method] 88 and 122 conventional indica rice cultivars were solution-cultured in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Dry matter weight (including root system, culm and sheath, leaves, panicle), nitrogen content of different organs, yield and its components were measured. The tested rice cultivars were classified into 6 types (i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, A was the lowest, and F was the highest) based on their NUEg level by the MinSSw method.[Result](1)Difference of NUEg of the cultivars used in this study were very large; (2) No significant difference of N content at heading stage was observed among different NUEg types of indica rice. In the cultivars with higher NUEg, however, N content in leaf, stem-sheath and entire rice plant were lower at mature stage. (3)Cultivars with higher NUEg were characterized with lower N uptake before heading and at mature stage; (4) Cultivars with higher NUEg were characterized with higher N use efficiency in biomass production and harvest index. [Conclusion] The cultivars with higher NUEg showed lower N uptake and N content, while nitrogen use efficiency was higher.
2008年06期 v.9 68-73+141页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 426K] [下载次数：68 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：5 ] |[阅读次数：59 ] - 张慧英;田夏红;冯锐;刘爱花;
[Objective] The experiment was aimed to explore character variation between different families after DNA introduction and select variant plants with good stability. [Method] The method of pollen-tube-pathway was used to introduce total DNA of soybean into normal maize inbred line 7313 for selecting generation by generation. When field characters of maize, grain colors, grain traits and panicle axis colors were stable, the crude protein, gliadin, glutelin and oil content of grains which were selected from variant strains were detected and compared. [Result] The grain crude protein, gliadin, glutelin and oil content of line 26h-4-3 were significantly different from these of control treatment. The increments of D3 and D4 generation were 10.34% and 26.70%, 6.58% and 6.28%, 15.09% and 70.34%, 55.82% and 51.52% respectively. All indexes of line 26h-3-1 were also higher than these of control treatment and the increments of D3 and D4 generation were 5.67% and 21.63%,1.91% and 2.31%, 10.85% and 62.27%,22.49% and 9.67%. [Conclusion] The crude protein, gliadin, glutelin and oil content of variant line 26h-4-3 and 26h-3-1 were stable, so variant line 26h-4-3 and 26h-3-1 were excellent variant strains which satisfied the requirement of high protein breeding.
2008年06期 v.9 74-77页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 233K] [下载次数：44 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：9 ] |[阅读次数：60 ] - 李俊凯;徐汉虹;谭堂峰;杨静美;
[Objective] This study was to investigate the mobility of IAA-triadimenol and NAA-triadimenol in soybean seedlings. [Method] Soybean seedlings were treated by spraying the solution of conjugated compounds onto their leaves; and chromatography was employed to measure the contents of IAA-triadimenol and NAA-triadimenol in different parts of these soybean seedlings, through which to represent the mobility of the conjugates. [Result] Both the triadimenol and NAA-triadimenol could not transport basipetally; whereas IAA-triademenol was ambimobile. When sprayed with 0.5 mmol/L IAA-triadimenol, as much as 1.87 μg/(g·FW) IAA-triadimenol was detected in the roots of soybean seedlings 12 h later, which was higher than that in the stem [0.68 μg/(g·FW)]; while that decreased to 0.80 μg/(g·FW) in the seedlings sprayed with 0.5 mmol/L IAA-triadimenol and the same concentration of IAA. [Conclusion] IAA moiety of the conjugate could enhance the transport and accumulation of the fungicide towards the root via the IAA carriers.
2008年06期 v.9 78-81页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 246K] [下载次数：87 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：6 ] |[阅读次数：51 ] - 张锦芳;周贤琼;蒲晓斌;李浩杰;蒋梁材;
[目的]研究双低杂交油菜各产量构成因素与单株产量间的关系,为突破油菜产量限制屏蔽、培育双低高产杂交油菜品种提供参考依据。对四川省油菜区域试验中2个高产双低杂交油菜组合(代号为B02、D04)及双低对照种蜀杂6号进行了产量构成因素与单株产量的相关和通径分析及比较。[结果]在高产双低组合及蜀杂6号中,单株有效角果数与每角粒数、每角粒数与千粒重均为负相关;在高产双低组合中,单株有效角果数、每角粒数对单株产量的贡献大于千粒重对单株产量的贡献,差异达0.01显著水平;在双低对照品种蜀杂6号中,单株有效角果数、每角粒数对单株产量的贡献大于千粒重对单株产量的贡献,但差异不显著。[结论]可把提高单株有效角果数作为四川双低高产杂交油菜育种工作的重要目标之一。
2008年06期 v.9 82-83+117页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 167K] [下载次数：125 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：8 ] |[阅读次数：79 ] - 邓方;程备久;朱苏文;吴李君;
To investigate the effect of low energy ion implantation on maize pollen germination and cytosolic Ca2+ distribution during pollen germination process, the argon ion (Ar+) with energy of 30 keV, dose of 0.78 ×1015-13×1015 ion/cm2 was implanted into maize pollen by irradiation, and the germination of pollen and cytosolic Ca2+ distribution during pollen germination process of the Ar+ implanted pollen were studied. The results showed that when been irradiated with Ar+ with dose of 5.2×1015 ion/cm2, the germination rate of maize pollen increased remarkably, while implantation of ions with dose exceeding 5.2×1015 ion/cm2 sharply decreased the germination rate of maize pollen. Meanwhile, tracing of esterified Ca2+ fluorescence probe fluo-3 AM for intact pollen showed that variation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was consistent with the change of pollen fertility. The dynamics of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration caused by low energy ion implantation may be concluded as the initial effects of pollen germination.
2008年06期 v.9 84-89页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 815K] [下载次数：79 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：7 ] |[阅读次数：75 ] - 艾复清;张帆;舒中兵;樊宁;
[Objective] The aim of the research was to find the optimal nitrogen application rate, density and seedling age for no-tillage rape in seedling stage. [Method] With the D-optimal quadratic regression design for three factors, the 310 scheme was designed to study the effects of nitrogen application rate, density and seedling age on dry matter accumulation of no-tillage rape in seedling stage. [Result] With the increase of nitrogen application rate, density and seedling age, the dry matter content appeared like a parabola, increasing firstly and then declining. The change of nitrogen application rate caused greater influence than that of density and seedling age; the interaction effects between nitrogen application rate and density were greater than that between nitrogen application rate and seedling age as well as between density and seedling age. [Conclusion] Considered comprehensively, the dry matter content of no-tillage rape in seedling stage reached the highest level (4 768.2 kg/hm2) when the nitrogen application rate, the density and the seedling age were 195 kg/hm2, 93 000 plants/hm2 and 33 d, respectively.
2008年06期 v.9 93-96+107页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 528K] [下载次数：79 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：18 ] |[阅读次数：57 ] - 张燕;林小虎;周印富;秦素平;张珊珊;王秋涛;
[Objective] This study was to investigate the difference in microscopic features of pollen grain and stoma of four triticeae species, as well as the relationship between the sizes of pollen grain and stoma, and the chromosome ploidy. [Method] Comparison of the micro-morphological characteristics of pollen grain and leaf epiderm among diaploid Thinopyrum elongatum, Elytrigia intermedia, hexaploid Triticum aestivum and octoploid Tritielytrigia types were carried out by observation under scanning electronic microscope(SEM). [Result] There were some differences among the four species in the micro-morphology, the size, the surface protuberance, the germ pore of pollen grain and the leaf epidermal stoma, in which diploid Thinopyrum elongatum was obviously different from the other three. Diploid, hexaploid and octoploid species of triticeae had remarkable differences in micro-morphological characteristics of pollen grain and stoma. However, some differences between hexaploid species and octoploid species were not significant. [Conclusion] Some microscopic characteristics of pollen grain and stoma could be used as the evidence to identify diaploid, hexaploid and octoploid spieces whose chromosome ploidy are hugely different.
2008年06期 v.9 97-101页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 619K] [下载次数：62 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：1 ] |[阅读次数：77 ]
- 裴韬;任大明;石皎;
[目的]研究小麦赤霉病拮抗菌P72的抑菌活性及稳定性。[方法]将Bacillus subtilisP72接种于发酵培养液中,接种量5%,28℃摇床培养48h后,8000r/min,离心10min取菌株发酵离心所得上清液进行分离纯化、遗传稳定性、热稳定性及酸碱稳定性测定。P72菌株发酵上清液经过盐析、透析后进行DEAE-52离子交换层析,用0.5mol/L NaCl溶液洗脱的蛋白对小麦赤霉病菌的拮抗能力最强。SDS-PAGE电泳显示具有抗菌作用的蛋白分子量约为40kD。经过稳定性的试验测定,该抗菌物质的拮抗活性具有遗传稳定性,在60℃以下有较高的稳定性,无菌液对酸具有稳定性,在碱性溶液中不具有稳定性。[结论]小麦赤霉病拮抗菌P72对小麦赤霉病菌的拮抗能力较强,抗菌活性较稳定,且热稳定性较好,有较广阔的开发前景。
2008年06期 v.9 124-126页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 342K] [下载次数：136 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：15 ] |[阅读次数：55 ] - 雷白时;姜军坡;王伟;张冬冬;王全;朱宝成;
[Objective]The aim of this study was to screen the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria of Verticillium dahliae and identify its physiological and biochemical characteristics.[Method]Taking the cotton verticillium wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae V-190 as the test microorganism,the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria were screened.Through the preliminary screening and secondary screening,an antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 with stronger antibacterial activity was obtained,and its morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics were also identified.[Result]84 antagonistic bacteria strains were isolated from soil in various places by the preliminary screening.Especially,18 strains with better antagonistic ability were screened again,so an antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 with the diameter of inhibition zone 18.9 mm and stronger antibacterial activity was obtained.According to its morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics,the antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 was identified as Bacillus subtilis primarily.[Conclusion]The strain 7-30 was obtained as the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria of Verticillium dahliae.
2008年06期 v.9 127-131页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 403K] [下载次数：90 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：11 ] |[阅读次数：40 ] - 胡雪芹;张洪斌;苏晓飞;
[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt from soil and investigate the biological control of watermelon fusarium wilt by applying the antagonistic bacteria strains into soil.[Method] Actinomycete strains,fluorescent bacteria strains and bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples by the dilution-plate method,then its resistance was screened respectively by the improved confront culture method after colonies were purified.Finally,bacteria strains with better antagonistic effect were identified.[Result] 29 bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt were screened from 39 soil samples,which contained 15 fluorescent bacteria strains,5 bacillus strains and 9 actinomycete strains.Furthermore,three antagonistic bacteria strains of FM2,FM3 and FM4 with the strongest antagonism were identified primarily.[Conclusion] According to cultural characteristics,morphological observation,biochemical and physiological tests,FM2 belongs to bacillus subtilis,while FM3 and FM4 belong to micrococcus.
2008年06期 v.9 132-135页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 484K] [下载次数：139 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：12 ] |[阅读次数：57 ] - 练飞;佘德松;冯福娟;
[Objective] The study aimed to explore the occurrence conditions of Tegra novaehollandiae viridinotata on chestnut.[Method] Life history was observed by the combination of indoor-rearing and field observation,as well as the relationship between occurrence and surroundings in field.[Result] T.novaehollandiae viridinotata has one generation each year in Yunhe County,Zhejiang Province,and overwinters by laying eggs in chestnut trunk with diameter of 5.0 cm.Adults and the nymphs feed on Glochidion puberum leaves,adults damage trunks of young chestnut by oviposition.Nymphs hatch in early April,adults moult in last June and lay eggs in middle July.[Conclusion] T.novaehollandiae viridinotata could be controlled by eliminating shrubs such asGlochidion puberum.,cutting the eggs in dormancy by an knife,spraying pesticides in middle April or June and July,coating stem in winter etc.
2008年06期 v.9 151-153页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 198K] [下载次数：34 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：5 ] |[阅读次数：56 ]